服务异步通讯——springcloud

初始MQ

RabbitMQ快速入门

官网https://www.rabbitmq.com/

单机部署

我们在Centos7虚拟机中使用Docker来安装。

1.1.下载镜像

方式一：在线拉取

docker pull rabbitmq:3-management

方式二：从本地加载

在课前资料已经提供了镜像包：

上传到虚拟机中后，使用命令加载镜像即可：

docker load -i mq.tar

安装MQ

执行下面的命令来运行MQ容器：

docker run \-e RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_USER=itcast \-e RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_PASS=123321 \--name mq \--hostname mq1 \-p 15672:15672 \-p 5672:5672 \-d \rabbitmq:3-management

SpringAMQP

https://spring.io/projects/spring-amqp/

 <!--AMQP依赖，包含RabbitMQ--><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId></dependency>

spring:rabbitmq:host: 192.168.10.88 # rabbitMQ的ip地址port: 5672 # 端口username: itcastpassword: 123321virtual-host: /

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class SpringAmqpTest {@Autowiredprivate RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;@Testpublic void testSendMessage2SimpleQueue(){String queueName = "simple.queue";String message = "hello, spring amqp!";rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(queueName,message);}
}

package cn.itcast.mq.listener;import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;@Component
public class SpringRabbitListener {@RabbitListener(queues = "simple.queue")public void listenSimpleQueue(String msg){System.out.println("消费者接受到消息：[" + msg + "]");}
}

work Queue 工作队列

Fanout Exchange广播模式

@Configuration
public class FanoutConfig {// itcast.fanout@Beanpublic FanoutExchange fanoutExchange(){return new FanoutExchange("itcast.fanout");}// fanout.queue1@Beanpublic Queue fanoutQueue1(){return new Queue("fanout.queue1");}// 绑定队列1到交换机@Beanpublic Binding fanoutBinding1(Queue fanoutQueue1, FanoutExchange fanoutExchange){return BindingBuilder.bind(fanoutQueue1).to(fanoutExchange);}// fanout.queue2@Beanpublic Queue fanoutQueue2(){return new Queue("fanout.queue2");}// 绑定队列2到交换机@Beanpublic Binding fanoutBinding2(Queue fanoutQueue2, FanoutExchange fanoutExchange){return BindingBuilder.bind(fanoutQueue2).to(fanoutExchange);}}

   @RabbitListener(queues = "fanout.queue1")public void listenFanoutQueue1(String msg){System.out.println("消费者接受到fanoutQueue1 消息：[" + msg + "]");}@RabbitListener(queues = "fanout.queue2")public void listenFanoutQueue2(String msg){System.out.println("消费者接受到fanoutQueue2 消息：[" + msg + "]");}

    @Testpublic void testSendFanoutExchange(){//交换机名称String exchanneName = "itcast.fanout";//消息String message = "hello every one!";// 发送消息rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(exchanneName,"",message);}

DirectExchange路由模式

    @RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(value = @Queue(name = "direct.queue1"),exchange = @Exchange(name = "itcast.direct",type = ExchangeTypes.DIRECT),key = {"red","blue"}))public void LinstenDirectQueue1(String msg){System.out.println("消费者接受到directQueue1 消息：[" + msg + "]");}@RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(value = @Queue(name = "direct.queue2"),exchange = @Exchange(name = "itcast.direct",type = ExchangeTypes.DIRECT),key = {"red","yellow"}))public void LinstenDirectQueue2(String msg){System.out.println("消费者接受到directQueue2 消息：[" + msg + "]");}

    @Testpublic void testSendDirectExchange(){//交换机名称String exchanneName = "itcast.direct";//消息String message = "hello,red";// 发送消息rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(exchanneName,"red",message);}

TopicExchange话题模式

 @RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(value = @Queue(name = "topic.queue1"),exchange = @Exchange(name = "itcast.topic",type = ExchangeTypes.TOPIC),key = "china.#"))public void LinstenTopicQueue1(String msg){System.out.println("消费者接受到topicQueue1消息：[" + msg + "]");}@RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(value = @Queue(name = "topic.queue2"),exchange = @Exchange(name = "itcast.topic",type = ExchangeTypes.TOPIC),key = "#.news"))public void LinstenTopicQueue2(String msg){System.out.println("消费者接受到topicQueue2消息：[" + msg + "]");}

 @Testpublic void testSendTopicExchange(){//交换机名称String exchanneName = "itcast.topic";//消息String message = "小米汽车倒闭了";// 发送消息rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(exchanneName,"china.news",message);}

消息转换器

    @Testpublic void testSendOnjectQueue() {Map<String, Object> msg = new HashMap<>();msg.put("name","柳岩");msg.put("age",18);rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("object.queue",msg);}

        <dependency><groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId><artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId></dependency>

 @Beanpublic MessageConverter messageConverter(){return new Jackson2JsonMessageConverter();}

   @RabbitListener(queues = "object.queue")public void ListenObjectQueue(Map<String,Object> msg){System.out.println("接收到object.queue的消息：" + msg);}