1. 下载Geant4 source code Download Geant4-11.4.2 - Geant42. 安装wsl2 ubuntu 20.04 下载与安装How to Install WSL2 on Windows 11 (Windows Subsystem for Linux) (2026)ps. 注意CPU开启虚拟化BIOS中设置Linux设置中将网络设置为镜像3. 新建用户设置密码4. 安装 gcc / g / cmake / git 等依赖sudo apt update sudo apt install build-essential cmake git sudo apt install -y libexpat1-dev sudo apt unzip5. 解压缩与编译Building and Installing from Source — Geant4 Installation Guide 11.2 documentationmkdir -p ~/geant4 cp /path/to/geant4-v11.4.2.zip ~/geant4/ cd ~/geant4 unzip geant4-v11.4.2.zip rm ~/geant4/geant4-v11.4.2.zip mkdir -p ~/geant4/geant4-v11.4.2-build mkdir -p ~/geant4/geant4-v11.4.2-install cmake -DGEANT4_INSTALL_DATAON -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX../geant4-v11.4.2-install ../geant4-v11.4.2 cd ~/geant4/geant4-v11.4.2-build make -j12 make install6. 环境配置在~/.bashrc中写入source ~/geant4/geant4-v11.4.2-install/bin/geant4.sh检查 geant4-config --version8. 安装Qt等可视化sudo apt install -y qt6-base-dev libxerces-c-dev libxmu-dev libxkbcommon-dev cmake-curses-gui ccmake ~/geant4/geant4-v11.4.2打开GEANT4_USE_QTGEANT4_USE_OPENGL_X11GEANT4_USE_GDML以及GEANT4_USE_RAYTRACER_X11GEANT4_USE_SYSTEM_EXPAT然后重新编译一下cd ~/geant4/geant4-v11.4.2-build make -j12 make install9. 编译案例cd ~/geant4/geant4-v11.4.2/examples/basic/B1 mkdir -p build cd build cmake .. make -j12 MESA_D3D12_DEFAULT_ADAPTER_NAMENVIDIA ./exampleB1注意一定要检查一下自己笔记本/电脑有几张显卡是不是集显独显使用glxinfo -B看一下用的是哪一张。如果用的Intel集成显卡可能会出现Geant4可视化崩溃也就是D3D12: Removing Device. Segmentation fault (core dumped)。将export MESA_D3D12_DEFAULT_ADAPTER_NAMENVIDIA 写进~/.bashrc中然后source ~/.bashrc。再运行./exampleB1看看可不可以了。2026.8.13